1857 - 1945

  • Before 1857
    • Who is technically in charge?
      • By 1850s
        • British East India Company (featured in Pirates of the Caribbean)
          • Controls most of the subcontinent
        • Indirect Rule -- British officially leave local rulers in charge
      • By 1860s
        • Direct British Control (formal rule after the Indian revolt)
  • Pros and Cons of British Rule
    • One government that replaces lots of local government
      • One legal code
      • One administrative system
      • More efficient and less corrupt
    • Education
      • Elite Indians trained in British schools
        • To help the British run the colony
        • To serve as army officers
      • 90% of the population is still uneducated
    • Industrialization
      • All of the money goes to the British even though the Indians did all the work
    • Agricultural Change
      • Land goes from food production goes to cotton
      • Lots of $$$ is made buuut
      • Millions (30million) starve!
    • Infrastructure
      • Roads
      • Canals
      • Universities
      • Hospitals
      • Railroads
    • Cultural Practices
      • Central Asian horseman sport - Polo
        • Only the British get to play!
      • British take "souvenirs" from Taj Mahal (aka little pieces..)
      • British get the best housing
      • What language is taught in school? English, obviously.
  • Cultural Reactions to British Rule
    • Indians reacting to literature, textbooks, newspapers...
      • Educated Indiands start their own nationalist Indian newspaper
    • Kasari (The Lion)
      • Of many nationalist newspapers
      • Nationalism filters to middle class
  • Rabindranath Tagore
    • Nobel prize in literature
    • Goal
      • Indian Dignity - Indian people aren't being given the dignity and respect they deserve
      • Mutual understanding of Europeans and Indians
  • Political Reactions to British Rule
    • What class will Indian reformers come from?
      • From the educated Indian class
    • Why?
      • British-Educated
      • Familiar with Western Law
      • Familiar with enlightenment
  • Indian National Congress
    • 1885
    • The primary group that establishes independence for India
    • Demanded a share of political power from the British
    • The leadership consisted of Hindus and Muslims
      • Sounds pretty bad but hey they hate the British less
      • Results in some problems in the future due to leadership roles
    • Muslim League
      • Splintered off!
      • Led by Mohamed Jinnah
  • Mohandas Gandhi
    • Born 1869
    • British-trained Lawyer
    • Represented mine workers in South Africa
    • One of the most prominent and powerful people who got the British to leave
    • His technique
      • Nonviolent protest
        • Find a stupid, discriminatory, or unjust law
        • Break it! :D
        • Be really obvious about breaking law so that you get an audience
        • Get punished and get witnesses!
      • The Indians protesting won't look bad if it's the British beating them up and stuff
apr 29 2016 ∞
apr 29 2016 +