• Rationalism: The theory that human reason can be the source of all knowledge.
  • Humanism: A range of ethical views that consider human nature to be the source of morality.
  • Reductionism: A complex system is nothing more than the sum of parts and can be understood by defining its individual components separately.
  • Solipsism: Knowledge of anything outside one's own specific mind is unjustified. The external world and other minds cannot be known and might not exist.
  • Deism: Reason and observation of the natural world, without the need for organised religion, can determine that a supreme being created the universe. This deity does not intervene in human affairs or suspend the natural laws of the universe.
  • Eudaimonism: A system of ethics that evaluates actions in terms of their capacity to produce happiness.
  • Contextualism: A range of views that argue that a phenomenon can only be properly understood within the context it occured.
  • Feminism: A range of social and moral philosophies concerned with the experience of women in society, most often with the intent of eradicating gender inequality.
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