I'll be using the generic category of "world music" to refer to different genres often labeled as folk, ethnic, traditional, indigenous, etc. In other words, it's "local music from out there", music with traditional elements of different cultural origins. This list is divided by country, and are part of it artists I really liked or considered to be worth noting, even if not exactly compatible with my musical taste. Personal favorites are marked with a star.

Afghanistan

• Aziz Herawi

Albania

• Famille Lela de Permet
• Kurbeti

Argentina

• Tonolec: in Toba language, Tonolec means "caburé", a bird from the Chaco forest that attracts prey with its hypnotic singing. After years of studying Toba's indigenous culture from the inside, learning their traditional songs and recollecting historic material, Tonolec's sound is a fusion between Toba's traditional music and electronic music. Songs: Monte, Tierra Cautiva | So Caayolec (Mi Caballito)

Australia

• The Doomed Bird of Providence: recounting stories from the dusty, obscure corners of colonial times, they set off on an exploration of early Australian history, darkly probing its more abject and harrowing aspects. Buttressed by accordion, ukulele, bass, guitar and violin, singer Mark Kluzek rants and laments the death and degeneracy of settlers and convicts alike in this hostile, unrelenting environment. Songs: Trail of Bones | Ships They Come And Go

Belarus

• Hvarna: a project of Andrus Palauchenia (Osimira, Pragnavit) and musicians from the band Obereg. The music is based on the songs and tunes of Kryvia (Belarus), Finno-Ugric nationals and the territory of northern Russian. Using original lyrics, the music is interpreted on the krivian-lithuania duda and the Russian psaltery, surrounded with ambient atmospheres. Hvarna in Avestan culture is the supreme divine reward, grace, holiness, the gift of fate, charisma, talent. Songs: Arechavaja Čaša| Na našym dvary

Belgium

• Kadril: a Flemish folk group that has been around for some 35 years. Initially they played pure folk, but since many years now they have been bringing folk rock, with traditional instruments like hurdy-gurdy, bagpipes, violin, mandolin, backed by a rhythm section and bass. They perform traditional songs and melodies, but also a few own compositions and texts. Songs: Het Kerelslid | Een ridder en een meysken jonc
• KV Express: I couldn't find much information on this one except that it is the work of accordionist Sophie Cavez, who likes to play balfolk. Songs: Poedelkes bourrée
• Laïs: Flemish folk group featuring the voices of Jorunn Bauweraerts, Nathalie Delcroix and Annelies Brosens. The inspiration for their songs comes from old song books. Their style can best be described as a modern take on medieval songs. Songs: 't Smidje | De Wijn

Belize

• Umalali:

Bhutan

• Jigme Drukpa ★: born in Wongchilu in Eastern Bhutan under Trashigang district in 1969, he's a performer of traditional Bhutanese music. Songs: Ling Sho La | Jigten Zamling Nangka

Bolivia

• Inkuyo: the music of the Andean Mountain region is combined with influences of poetry and rock and roll by Los Angeles-based trio, Inkuyo. The inspiration of Gonzalo Vargas, a Bolivia-born composer, arranger and pan pipes and South American flute player. Taking their name from a remote mountain village where music is an essential part of daily life, Inkuyo initially performed as a quartet. Since the early-1990s, the band has worked as a trio featuring Argentina-born guitarist Enrique Coria and Bolivia-born charango, bandurria and tipple player Jose Luis Reynolds. Vargas was a founding member of Andean folk group, Sukay. Songs: Wipala | El Carnaval
• Los Masis: in 1969, a handful of aspiring young musicians from Sucre, Bolivia formed Los Masis, the city’s first traditional Andean music group. For over four decades, they have traveled throughout Bolivia and abroad sharing their passion for traditional music, dressed in the colorful ponchos of the region’s Tarabuco indigenous people. Los Masis founded a music school for young people and championed bilingual education reform incorporating the Quechua language, thus helping to preserve their native tongue. Songs: Fraterno Soy

Bosnia and Herzegovina

• Goran Bregović: a versatile artist, composing and performing a wide range of genres - he has become widely reknown for his interpretations of traditional Serbian/Bosnian/Croatian music, bringing modern, Western influences to its powerful and energetic base, but is also a very prolific movie soundtrack author and performer. Bregović's music carries both South Slavic and Romani themes and is a fusion of popular music with traditional polyphonic music from the Balkans, tango and brass bands. Songs: Ederlezi | Talijanska

Brazil

• Angra: a progressive power metal band formed in 1991, which went through major line-up change over the years. Despite being a metal band, Angra appears in this list for having mixed different Brazilian rhythms into their sound, especially on the album Holy Land. Songs: Carolina IV | The Shadow Hunter
• Banda de Pau e Corda: founded in Recife in 1972, the group aims to value Brazilian northeastern rhythms by mixing music and poetry. Songs: Lampião | Pai de Barro
• Café do Vento
• Marlui Miranda ★: a singer, songwriter and Brazilian indigenous culture researcher. Songs: Kworo Kango | Mena Barsáa (Bayá Barsáa) | Araruna
• Mawaca
• Pé de Cerrado
• Renata Rosa: she grasps the mystic universe within the traditional chants from Brazil's Northeast, highlighting the less regarded feminine influences of the outback's popular culture. Her songs are inspired by maracatu rural, coco, cavalo marinho, amongst other music traditions, exposing an authentic repertoire made up of her own compositions, young and old composers as well as songs that are now in the public domain. Songs: Lança de Caboclo | Moreno
• Zé Ramalho

Chile

• Los Jaivas
• Victor Jara

France

• La Bamboche
• La Chifonnie

Italy

• Paroplapi

Mali

• Afel Bocoum
• Etran Finatawa
• Tamikrest
• Terakaft
• Tartit
• Tinariwen

Portugal

• Dorahoag ★