eating disorders

• rise in ED's within the past three decades
  • core issue is the morbid fear of weight gain

DSM 5 anorexia

• restriction of food intake (it's a fight for control with oneself who feels otherwise out of control in their lives)
• sig low weight relative to normative weight
• intense fear of gaining weight
• undue influence of body weight/shape on self eval

there are two main subtypes: 3 months

• restricting type
  • lose weight by cutting out foods
  • eventually eliminating most food
  • little variability in diet
• binge-eating/purging
  • regular engagement in binge and purge behavior

anorexia nervosa

• 12-25 years of age
• escalation toward anorexia nervosa may follow a stressful event
  • separation of parents
  • move away from home
  • experience of personal failure
• most individuals recover
  • or continue to battle
  • and a small percentage die
• the key goal is becoming thin or thinner
  • the driving motive is fear of becoming obese
    • giving in to the desire to eat
    • losing control of body size and shape
    • losing control in general
• despite dietary restrictions
  • preoccupied with food
    • thinking and reading about food
    • planning for meals

distorted thinking

• low opinion of body shape
• overestimation of actual proportions
• hold maladaptive cognitions
  • "i must be perfect in every way"
  • "i will be a better person if i deprive myself"
  • "i can avoid guilt by not eating"
• co-morbid mental health difficulties
  • depression
  • anxiety
  • low self esteem
  • insomnia
  • substance abuse
  • oc patterns
  • perfectionism

physical medical challenges

• amenorrhea (lost of menstruation; taken out of DSM 5)
• low body temp

Low blood pressure

• body swell
• reduced bone density
• slow heart rate
• metabolic and electrolyte imbalances
• dry skin
• brittle nails
• poor circulation
• lanugo (thin layer of hair grown on skin to keep the body warm)

bulimia nervosa

• binge eating episodes
  • limited periods of uncontrolled eating
  • eat objectively more than most people would/could eat in a similar period
• compensatory behaviors bulimia nervosa
• purging type
  • forced vomiting
  • misusing laxatives, diuretics, or enemas

non purging behaviors bulimia nervosa

• fasting
• overeating
• following binge episode
  • compensate for and "undo" the caloric effects

the most common compensatory behaviors

• vomiting
  • fails to prevent the absorption of half the calories consumed during a binge
  • repeated vomiting affects the ability to feel satiated greater hunger and bingeing

-

• laxatives and diuretics
  • fails to reduce the number of calories consumed

reccuent episodes of binge eating

• eating in a discrete period of time (2 hours)
• amount of food that is definitely larger than what most people would eat during that time
• sense of lack of control

-

• recurrent inappropriate compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain
• behaviors occur a least once per week for 3 months
• ..

BMI is bs