enzymes catalyze reactions by

• orienting substrates
• inducing strain in substrates
• adding chemical groups temporarily

irreversible inhib inhibitor covalently bonds to side chains in the active site and permanently stops the enzyme from functioning

inhib bonds non covalently to active site to inhibit a substrate

competitive inhibitors compete with the natural substrate for binding sites

noncompetitive inhibitors bind to enzyme at a different site (not the active site)

allosteric reg. an effector binds enzyme at a site diff from the active one, changing the shape

feedback inhibitions (also called the end-product inhibition) the final prodicy acts as a noncompetitive inhibitor of the first enzyme, which shuts down the pathway