proteins lots of functions; but NOT energy and storage

• enzyme speeds up biochemical reactions
• structural proteins provide stability / movement
• defensive proteins recognize and react to foreign substances
• signaling proteins physiological process (think transmitters)
• receptors proteins manage chemical signals
• membrane transmitters exactly what it says in the name, manage substance transport between membranes
• storage proteins stores amino acids
• transport proteins bind/carry within organism
• gene regulatory proteins _determines rate of gene expression

PROTEINS

• are polymers of 20 different amino acids (20 x 20 each block(?) in the chain)
• polypeptide chain (unbranched) single chain of amino acids

amino acids

• carboxyl and amino groups - both as an acid and base
• amino + carboxyl are always across from each other
• side chains / R-groups the chemical properties of the side chains determine the interaction of the amino acids

amino acids can be grouped by their side chains // behaviors

• arginine R positive charge
• histidine H positive charge
• lysine K positive charge
• aspartic acid D negative charge
• glutamic acid E negative charge

p.s.

• study and memorize single (1) letter abbreviations!
• oxygen and nitrogen - creates polarity/water loving
• carbon and hydrogen - hate water (need fact check)
• when there's a ring with no atoms its C and H

special ones

• CGP - cat goop party
• cysteine SH bond
• glycine single H, hydrophobic, but the side chain is too small so it has vacant space in proteins and changes the way the proteins fold
• proline _R group bends into the amino group, but hydrophobic

the terminal --SH group of C can react with another and create a

• disulfide bridge (--S--S--)

behaviors/interactions with water carbo - fatty hydrophobic oxygen - water-loving hydrophilic

condensation reaction covalent BOND OF AMINO ACIDS by PEPTIDE LINKAGES TO FORM LINEAR POLYPEPTIDES (caps)